Over
Over is a preposition, adverb, adjective or prefix.
Over as a preposition
Over for movement and position
We use over to talk about movement or position at a higher level than something else:
A beautiful white bird flew over the lake.
With an umbrella over my head, I was able to protect myself from the midday sun.
We can also use over when talking about movement across a surface:
A small boat came over the lake and approached our cottage.
Shall we go over the road and see if there’s a bank on the other side?
Over and all over
We can use over, and the stronger form all over, when something is covering something:
You can buy a plastic cover to put over your computer if you’re worried about dust.
He had mud all over his face.
Over for periods of time
We can use over to refer to extended periods of time:
Over a period of three centuries, very little changed in the pattern of life for the poorest people.
What are you doing over the summer holidays? Are you going away?
Over with numbers
Over means ‘more than’ a particular number, or limit:
There were over 100 people at the lecture.
If your hand baggage weighs over 10 kilos, you must check it in.
She couldn’t enter the competition. She was over the age limit.
Over as an adverb
We can use over as an adverb to talk about movement above something or someone:
We were sitting in the garden and a huge flock of geese flew over. It was beautiful.
Over as an adverb can mean ‘to someone’s house’:
Would you like to come over and have dinner one evening? (to the speaker’s house)
Over and over (adverb phrase)
Over and over means ‘repeatedly’, ‘many times’. It often refers to things which people do not want to happen:
[adult to a little child]
Stop it! I’ve told you over and over not to play with the radio!
Over as an adjective: be over
We can use be over to mean ‘finished’, ‘at an end’:
We were so late that, when we got to the cinema, the film was over.
Over as a prefix
We can use over as a prefix to mean ‘too much’. We connect over to the word which comes after it, sometimes with a hyphen after over:
That new restaurant is overpriced if you ask me. (the meals are too expensive)
I didn’t enjoy the play. It was a student production, and everyone seemed to be overacting.
These are the main meanings of over but you will find other meanings and phrasal verbs with over in a good learner’s dictionary.
Over: typical errors
Over, when used with periods of time, refers to the period from start to finish, not to any one moment during that time:
I arrived during the afternoon.
Not:
I arrived over the afternoon.
Over as a prefix meaning ‘too much’ is connected to the word that comes after it, sometimes with a hyphen; we don’t write two separate words:
The nightclub was overcrowded.
Not:
The nightclub was over crowded.
(“Over” aus English Grammar Today © Cambridge University Press.)
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- Adjectives and adverbs
-
Easily confused words
- Above or over?
- Across, over or through?
- Advice or advise?
- Affect or effect?
- All or every?
- All or whole?
- Allow, permit or let?
- Almost or nearly?
- Alone, lonely, or lonesome?
- Along or alongside?
- Already, still or yet?
- Also, as well or too?
- Alternate(ly), alternative(ly)
- Although or though?
- Altogether or all together?
- Amount of, number of or quantity of?
- Any more or anymore?
- Anyone, anybody or anything?
- Apart from or except for?
- Arise or rise?
- Around or round?
- Arouse or rouse?
- As or like?
- As, because or since?
- As, when or while?
- Been or gone?
- Begin or start?
- Beside or besides?
- Between or among?
- Born or borne?
- Bring, take and fetch
- Can, could or may?
- Classic or classical?
- Come or go?
- Consider or regard?
- Consist, comprise or compose?
- Content or contents?
- Different from, different to or different than?
- Do or make?
- Down, downwards or downward?
- During or for?
- Each or every?
- East or eastern; north or northern?
- Economic or economical?
- Efficient or effective?
- Elder, eldest or older, oldest?
- End or finish?
- Especially or specially?
- Every one or everyone?
- Except or except for?
- Expect, hope or wait?
- Experience or experiment?
- Fall or fall down?
- Far or a long way?
- Farther, farthest or further, furthest?
- Fast, quick or quickly?
- Fell or felt?
- Female or feminine; male or masculine?
- Finally, at last, lastly or in the end?
- First, firstly or at first?
- Fit or suit?
- Following or the following?
- For or since?
- Forget or leave?
- Full or filled?
- Fun or funny?
- Get or go?
- Grateful or thankful?
- Hear or listen (to)?
- High or tall?
- Historic or historical?
- House or home?
- How is …? or What is … like?
- If or when?
- If or whether?
- Ill or sick?
- Imply or infer?
- In the way or on the way?
- It’s or its?
- Late or lately?
- Lay or lie?
- Lend or borrow?
- Less or fewer?
- Look at, see or watch?
- Low or short?
- Man, mankind or people?
- Maybe or may be?
- Maybe or perhaps?
- Nearest or next?
- Never or not … ever?
- Nice or sympathetic?
- No doubt or without doubt?
- No or not?
- Nowadays, these days or today?
- Open or opened?
- Opportunity or possibility?
- Opposite or in front of?
- Other, others, the other or another?
- Out or out of?
- Permit or permission?
- Person, persons or people?
- Pick or pick up?
- Play or game?
- Politics, political, politician or policy?
- Price or prize?
- Principal or principle?
- Quiet or quite?
- Raise or rise?
- Remember or remind?
- Right or rightly?
- Rob or steal?
- Say or tell?
- So that or in order that?
- Sometimes or sometime?
- Sound or noise?
- Speak or talk?
- Such or so?
- There, their or they’re?
- Towards or toward?
- Wait or wait for?
- Wake, wake up or awaken?
- Worth or worthwhile?
- Nouns, pronouns and determiners
-
Prepositions and particles
- Above
- After
- Against
- Among and amongst
- At
- At, in and to (movement)
- At, on and in (place)
- At, on and in (time)
- Below
- Beneath: meaning and use
- Beyond
- By + myself etc.
- During
- For
- For + -ing
- From
- In front of
- In spite of and despite
- In, into
- Near and near to
- Of
- On, onto
- Over
- Prepositional phrases
- Prepositions
- To
- Under
- Until
- With
- Within
- Without
- Words, sentences and clauses
- Using English
- Verbs
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